Muinainen Suomi

Helsingin Sanomat:

Nyt on havaittu, että niillä eurooppalaisilla, jotka ovat perineet kaksi tiettyä neandertalilaisen geeniä, on kallo, joka on hieman litteämpi ja pitkulaisempi kuin nykyihmisillä yleensä. Siis hieman sellainen kallo, jollainen neandertalilaisilla muinoin oli.

Geenimuodot näyttävät myös vaikuttavan aivojen tiettyjen osien työkykyyn, kertoo New Scientist-lehti. Ero on pieni, eikä sitä voi nähdä paljain silmin. Se kuitenkin näkyy, jos aivot skannaa.

Ulkomaaksi:
https://www.newscientist.com/article/21 ... rthal-dna/

Itse tutkimus:
https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(18)31470-2?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0960982218314702%3Fshowall%3Dtrue#secsectitle0165
PDF:
https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdfExtended/S0960-9822(18)31470-2

Geenit tässä ovat UBR4 ja PHLPP1.

"Five SNPs within a ~200 kilobase (kb) archaic haplotype on chromosome 1 spanning 1:19244479–19453365 passed the significance threshold (top SNP 1:19365951, p = 3.26 3 106). A second Neandertal haplotype on chromosome 18 (500 kb,
18:60279290–60776578) contains six SNPs that passed the suggestive significance threshold (top SNP 18:60691999, p = 5.66 3 105). A single SNP, representing a 170 kb haplotype on chromosome 14 (14:50535915, p = 9.29 3 105), also passed suggestive significance. All haplotypes showed consistent directions of effect across all five datasets from the three cohorts, with the Neandertal-like haplotypes showing association with more oblong endocranial shape (Figure 3C) and with the top SNPs each showing an additive effect (i.e., heterozygous carriers were intermediate in score between homozygous groups; Figure 3D)."

"The MAFs for the top SNPs were low in all three European cohorts, and very few individuals were homozygous for the Neandertal alleles (1:19365951, MAF = 0.0436, 8 homozygotes; 18:60691999, MAF = 0.052, 6 homozygotes; 14:50535915, MAF = 0.0204, 1 homozygote; Figure 3D)."

Suppdatan taulukosta kaivettu nukleotidit:

1:19365951_UBR4
T, C (C on neandertaalialleeli)

18:60691999_PHLPP1
G, T (T on neandertaalialleeli)

14:50535915
A, G (G on neandertaalialleeli)

Noiden neandertaalialleelien esiintyvyys nykyväestöjen otoksessa on siis 4, 5 ja 2 % vastaavassa järjestyksessä. Jos kummaltakin vanhemmalta on peritty neandertaalialleeli, kallo on vielä litteämpi kuin heterotsygooteilla (vain toiselta vanhemmalta neandertaalialleeli).

Family Finder -datassa tai 23andMe-datassa ei näitä kohtia valitettavasti ole.

Jaska kirjoitti:"Five SNPs within a ~200 kilobase (kb) archaic haplotype on chromosome 1 spanning 1:19244479–19453365 passed the significance threshold (top SNP 1:19365951, p = 3.26 3 106). A second Neandertal haplotype on chromosome 18 (500 kb,
18:60279290–60776578) contains six SNPs that passed the suggestive significance threshold (top SNP 18:60691999, p = 5.66 3 105). A single SNP, representing a 170 kb haplotype on chromosome 14 (14:50535915, p = 9.29 3 105), also passed suggestive significance. All haplotypes showed consistent directions of effect across all five datasets from the three cohorts, with the Neandertal-like haplotypes showing association with more oblong endocranial shape (Figure 3C) and with the top SNPs each showing an additive effect (i.e., heterozygous carriers were intermediate in score between homozygous groups; Figure 3D)."

"The MAFs for the top SNPs were low in all three European cohorts, and very few individuals were homozygous for the Neandertal alleles (1:19365951, MAF = 0.0436, 8 homozygotes; 18:60691999, MAF = 0.052, 6 homozygotes; 14:50535915, MAF = 0.0204, 1 homozygote; Figure 3D)."

Suppdatan taulukosta kaivettu nukleotidit:

1:19365951_UBR4
T, C (C on neandertaalialleeli)

18:60691999_PHLPP1
G, T (T on neandertaalialleeli)

14:50535915
A, G (G on neandertaalialleeli)

Niinpä tietysti, mitään noista kohdista ei löydy Family Finder -datasta...