Kharkov et al. (2023): gene pool of the Khants

[merimaa]

Kharkov V.N., Kolesnikov N.A., Valikhova L.V., Zarubin A.A., Svarovskaya M.G., Marusin A.V., Khitrinskaya I.Yu., Stepanov V.A. (2023).
Relationship of the gene pool of the Khants with the peoples of Western Siberia, Cis-Urals and the Altai-Sayan Region according to the data on the polymorphism of autosomic locus and the Y-chromosome.
Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding, 27(1), 46.
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c546/9 ... 4a6341.pdf

Tässä äskettäin julkaistussa venäläistutkimuksessa kerrotaan mm. nykyisten hantien y-DNA-haploryhmiä. Tutkimus on menetelmällisesti kehittyneempi kuin aiemmat venäläistutkimukset, sillä siinä on analysoitu y-DNA:ta ja autosomaalista DNA:ta SNP-markkereiden perusteella.

"To study the composition and structure of Y-chromosome haplogroups, two systems of genetic markers were included in the study: diallelic locuses represented by SNPs and polyallelic highly variable microsatellites (YSTRs). With the help of 138 SNP markers, the belonging of the samples to different haplogroups was determined."

"Genome-wide genotyping data were obtained using Infinium Multi-Ethnic Global-8 (Illumina) microarrays for SNP genotyping, including over 1.7 million markers."

Y-DNA määritettiin yhteensä 118 hantimieheltä ja tulokseksi saatiin 8 eri haploryhmää (taulukko sivulla 50). Näistä esimerkiksi N1a2b2a1 ja Q1a2b~ saattavat olla kiinnostavia, jos niiden perusteella voi päätellä jotain hantien aiemmista vaiheista.

"The second haplogroup N1a2b2a1 (VL97, L1419, Y3185, Y3188, Y3189, Y3190, Y111190) is common for two Khanty samples (previously designated as the European N1b-E lineage). This subline was found among the Bashkirs, Kazan Tatars, Komi, Mari, Karelians, Vepsians, Finns and Russians (YFull). Phylogenetically closest to the Khanty along this line are the Komi samples. Ethnospecific branches of the Khanty and Komi unite SNPs Y65017 and Y89655, not found in other populations. The Khanty and Komi have the least ancient common ancestor for this haplogroup, compared to other European populations."

"According to the YFull website, this branch split from the ancestral line about 2800 years ago. Theoretically, there are two options for the appearance of this haplogroup among the modern Khanty and Komi: 1) inheritance from a common ancient ancestral group of Ugric tribes; 2) the recent mixing of Khanty with ethnic Komi migrants to Siberia. However, the results of the analysis of genomic data using NGSadmix, ADMIXTURE, IBD blocks and differences in terminal SNPs of Y-chromosomes do not confirm the second variant. The YSTR haplotypes of this line in the Khanty and Komi also differ by several mutations. Previously, V.N. Pimenoff et al. suggested in their work that when the Ob-Ugric Khanty and Mansi went to the western slopes of the Ural Mountains and to the north-west of Siberia, a unique association N1b-A and N1b-E was formed (Pimenoff et al., 2008). This combination of N1b sublines in the Khanty and Mansi suggests a recent confluence of the western and eastern lineages in North Western Siberia. Our new data do not contradict this version."

"Three men from the village of Russkinskaya have a completely different haplogroup of the Q clade – Q1a2b~ (M25, L716, YP1674, YP1676). This is a very rare haplogroup not found in other Siberian populations. It is presented with the maximum frequency among the ethnic Turkmens of Karakalpakstan, Iran and Afghanistan (Grugni et al., 2012; Skhalyakho et al., 2016). In most other ethnic groups, its frequency is very low. Khanty haplotypes are quite different from other populations. Most likely, the presence of this line among them is not a consequence of recent miscegenation, but is a legacy of the Ugric groups that migrated from southern Siberia and the Urals to the north."

[merimaa]

Kappas vaan, Pimenoff et al. (2008) onkin suomalainen tutkimus. Siinä oletetaan, että hantit ja mansit tulivat Luoteis-Siperiaan Uralin länsipuolelta, eikä päinvastoin kuten venäläisen tutkimuksen sanamuodoista saattaa ymmärtää.
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2008101

"[W]hen the Ob-ugric Khanty and Mansi migrated from the western side of [the] Ural Mountains to Northwest Siberia, the unique amalgamation of N2-E and N2-A was formed."

[Jaska]

Kiitos!
Harmi ettei edes alkuperäisellä venäjänkielisellä sivulla näytä olevan itse näytedataa saatavilla.

Jännää, että ne jumittuvat tuohon ugrilaiseen kieleen eivätkä näe muita vaihtoehtoja.

"According to the YFull website, this branch split from the ancestral line about 2800 years ago. Theoretically, there are two options for the appearance of this haplogroup among the modern Khanty and Komi: 1) inheritance from a common ancient ancestral group of Ugric tribes; 2) the recent mixing of Khanty with ethnic Komi migrants to Siberia."
-- 3) Se liittyy Pohjois-Uralin alueen muinaisväestöön, joka vasta paljon myöhemmin uralinkielistyi: lännessä komien ja idässä hantien levittäytyessä.

Q-isälinjasta:
"Khanty haplotypes are quite different from other populations. Most likely, the presence of this line among them is not a consequence of recent miscegenation, but is a legacy of the Ugric groups that migrated from southern Siberia and the Urals to the north."
-- Ei tähänkään ole syytä sotkea alkuperäisiä ugrilaisia, joita ei ole syytä olettaa koskaan asuneenkaan Etelä-Siperiassa. Q-linja vain päätyi hanteihin, kun jokin aiempaa väestöliikettä edustava porukka hantilaistui.

Nämä ovat esimerkkejä siitä, miten voi käydä, kun sitoo mielessään kielen liian vahvasti DNA:han.